What are the factors to determine card-issuing providers' ability to scale as partners, given Fiserv and Marqeta's market dominance?

We encourage our customer partners to really look at the core infrastructure on how this is built. 

One of the unique things from an infrastructure and reliability perspective that we have brought to market is a fully live-live architecture. That's not been done yet on the payment processing side, by even the incumbents or the newer players, because most legacy infrastructure that exists on the market is based on on-premise, or custom data center implementations. 

Or, if they're based in the cloud, they're based on a live-failover tech model. 

What we've built is a live-live model, which means that we have multiple nodes running the same. It's almost like a blockchain-type approach where you have multiple decentralized nodes, which have exactly the same information. Even if one node goes down, your processing is completely unimpacted. 

That’s fundamentally because we've built this technology from the ground up thinking about these actual issues that you raised. We've been able to architect it in a way that provides much higher reliability than any of the platforms that today operate at scale because of the time in the market that they already have in front of us.