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Sacra estimates that Ramp hit $295M in net annualized revenue in 2023, a 136% increase from 2022 when they hit $125M. Their annualized total payments volume grew 209% in that same year, from $10B at the end of 2022 to $30B at the end of 2023.

Ramp's TPV growth resulted from both continued growth in card volume—from $8B annualized in 2022 to $18B annualized in 2023—as well as the rapid expansion of bill pay volume. Bill pay grew from $2.5B in annualized volume in 2022 to $12B by the end of 2023.

Ramp earns the vast majority of its revenue from the interchange fees collected when customers use Ramp cards for transactions—their gross take rate amounts to about 2.80%.

Into a market of corporate cards like Brex and American Express focused on cash back, Ramp launched a business card vertically integrated with expense management, repositioning the corporate card market around business cost savings rather than points and perks. 

In-product workflows around approval and spend for card issuing give finance control over distributed spend, enabling all employees to access corporate credit, incentivizing companies to move all spend onto one provider, and creating lock-in via weekly active engagement with the platform.

Key features helping businesses save time and money include:

Automatic expenses: Instead of an Expensify-style upload workflow around receipts, Ramp texts users when it detects usage of one of their programmatically-generated cards, and allows them to send a photo of the receipt for automatic categorization and record-keeping

Policy enforcement: Finance teams in Ramp can create rules around spending—by card, by vendor, by category, by department—and then Ramp can automatically enforce those rules on a card-by-card level.

Invoice digitization: Via optical character recognition (OCR), Ramp can decompose invoices into their constituent text parts—vendor, amount, items—so they can be reconciled and processed more quickly.

Ramp is in an increasingly crowded competitive landscape of companies looking to own card issuing and expense management, including Brex, Divvy (acquired by Bill.com in 2021 for $2.5B), Airbase ($641M valuation) and Teampay ($80M raised).

All of these companies have built workflows around approval and spend for card issuing that give finance control over distributed spend, (1) enabling all employees to have access to corporate credit, not just reimbursement, (2) incentivizing companies to move all spend onto 1 card provider and (3) creating lock-in via weekly active engagement with the platform.

Banking-as-a-service

Going back several years, the only way to issue a card as a fintech company was to become a bank yourself. Since then, card issuing and banking-as-a-service companies like Marqeta, Unit and Lithic have made it much easier for any company to issue physical and virtual cards. 

By abstracting away the need to build the relationship with the network through the bank and replacing managed services with robust APIs with variable cost pricing, they’ve made it much more feasible for companies to build card-based fintechs like Ramp.

These companies, today, are continuing to reduce the barrier to embedding card issuing with interchange as a revenue stream, powering neobanks like Mercury (Mercury IO credit card launch in 2022) and vertical SaaS companies like Parker and Juni (ecommerce), Convoy (trucking) and Flexbase (construction)—all of which are collectively challenging Ramp when it comes to owning B2B payments.

These kinds of vertical products look to gain a foothold into expenses by designing deeper workflows around specific high volume expense categories, with the richest being advertising (19% of spend as reported by Ramp), general merchandise (15%) and software (13%). 

Brex

In 2018, Brex launched a credit card for startups and hit 1,000 customers in 5 months underwriting cash in the bank, not historical financials, with 10x the credit limit of American Express and no personal guarantee.

With Brex, newly-formed startups could get approved for a corporate card within seconds by connecting their bank accounts via Plaid ($250M revenue in 2021) vs. filling out paper forms and waiting for weeks for approval from an American Express.

Unlike Amex, which charged $300-600/year for a corporate card, Brex gave away cards for free and offered startup-centric perks like AWS credits, monetizing transaction volume on the backend.

The proposition of free money, combined with the near-zero switching cost of adding or swapping out an existing card, gave Brex incredible acquisition velocity to land into startups and then expand as their volume grew.

Today, Sacra estimates that Brex has greater revenue scale than Ramp at $500M+ in annualized revenue to Ramp’s ~$327M.

But similar to PayPal and X.com with peer to peer payments, the upside case for Brex and Ramp lies not in defeating the other, but in toppling American Express and its $1.5 trillion of network volume, $50B in revenue, and $500B in billed SME business—20x that of Brex and Ramp combined.

With the rise of LLMs like OpenAI's GPT-4, finance and expense management platforms like Brex, Navan, and Datarails have rushed to launch AI-powered chat experiences for CFOs.

Ramp has positioned against this hype, focusing on using LLMs behind the scenes to automate away the mechanical turks previously required to OCR receipts to create structured transaction data, classify expenses, and make sense of invoices & contracts. 

Where the models built by companies like Scale are trained on receipt data, LLMs provide companies like Ramp with generic models that can understand invoices and receipts at the same amount of accuracy at a fraction of the cost. 

Ramp’s competitive advantage hinges on their access to data on what companies are purchasing, how much they are paying, and their specific contract terms, which data drives a flywheel that makes Ramp more useful as more companies use it.

In the upside case, Ramp’s AI tools catalyze Ramp’s colonization of the entire back office by offering customers better cost savings and insights in return for moving more of their finance operations to Ramp.

Ramp's growing emphasis on enterprise expense management enables them to play in high margin B2B subscription SaaS, grow with their most successful customers, and go after a slew of adjacent markets like bill pay (Bill.com, $642M 2022 revenue), reimbursements (Expensify, $169M 2022 revenue), and travel (Navan, $9.2B valuation), including the major incumbent platform SAP Concur (~$2B, 20%+ YoY growth).